环境，不利于病原菌侵染；施加的钙离子抑制了病原菌菌丝的生长及孢子的萌发。研究结果对揭示氧化钙防控西瓜枯萎病机制，具有一定的参考价值。
关键词
西瓜；氧化钙；枯萎病；尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型
中图分类号：
S 436.5
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.05291542.2017.06.003
Effects of soil application with calcium oxide on control of Fusarium wilt of
watermelon and its preliminary mechanism research
Qiu Ting1，2，Zhang Yi2，Xiao Jiling2，Li Jiguang2，Zhu Feiying2，Wei Lin3，Liang Zhihuai1，2
（1. Longping Branch of Graduate School， Hunan University， Changsha410125， China；
2. Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center， Changsha410125， China；
3. Hunan Institute of Plant Protection， Changsha410125， China）
Abstract
In this study， five concentrations of soil calcium disinfection were used to evaluate the effects of calcium oxide on watermelon Fusarium wilt by the dynamic change of soil pH， the amount of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum in soil， the incidence of Fusarium wilt and plant growth. The results showed that， when the soil was applied with calcium oxide， the incidence of plant disease was significantly decreased， and the relative control rates of each treatment were 14%， 57.8%， 96.3%， 94.7%， and 94.7%， respectively. All treatments had the effect of promoting plant growth and development after 10 days of colonization， among which 1.34 g/kg treatment was the most significant. With the increase of calcium oxide application rate， the soil pH also increased and tended to be stable in 30 days. The research of F.oxysporum f.sp. niveum number showed that the number of pathogens in treated soils showed a significant decrease. PDA flat test results showed that， when calcium ion concentration was higher than 80 mmol/L， the growth of the pathogen and quantity of spore production began to be suppressed， and with the increase of concentration， the inhibition strengthened. Therefore， the application of calcium oxide in the soil could not only improve the soil acidification， but also effectively control watermelon wilt disease； the mechanism might be that the increase in soil pH changed the soil microenvironment， and the increase in free calcium concentration inhibited the growth of pathogens and spore germination， leading to its apoptosis. The results of the study have a reference value for revealing the mechanism of prevention and control of the fusarium wilt of watermelon by calcium oxide.
相关热词搜索： 氧化钙 机理 施加 初探 土壤