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还有哪些农户在坚持庭院养殖?

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感受而言,自我感觉良好的农户从事庭院养殖的概率较高,感觉自家劳动力空闲较多的农户从事庭院养殖的概率较高。但上述关系的因果方向尚不得而知,需要进一步的研究。一个有趣现象是,一般群众从事庭院养殖的概率处于中间水平(50.1%),村委领导因为事务较多从事庭院养殖的概率很低(25.0%),而村民小组组长从事庭院养殖的概率(75%)显著高于前两者。村民小组组长是一个最贴近农村经济生活的职务,往往是农村社会传统的坚守者。

四、简单的结论

调研数据较好地支持了我们对庭院养殖的通常看法,证实了本文所提出的三个假设。时间价值决定了农民的庭院养殖行为,经济发展水平与时间价值成正比,当经济发展水平较高时,休闲的时间成本也会相应提高,农民就失去了从事庭院养殖的兴趣。从空间维度看,经济发展水平不同的四类地区庭院养殖存在显著差异,越往西部庭院养殖概率越高;从生活条件和环境看,基础设施条件越好庭院养殖概率越低;从个体特征看,保持更为传统农村生活方式的农户从事庭院养殖的概率更高。此外,社会人文因素与农户的庭院养殖也存在相关性,但其因果方向还不明确。

农村庭院养殖曾经是农村经济发展的一个重要方面(翟桃科 等,1998),现在虽然日渐式微,但在一些欠发达地区仍然具有一定的存在价值,是增加农民收入和提高农民生活福利的一个低成本途径(郑本军 等,2005)。值得注意的是,在欠发达地区,尤其是相对贫困地区发展庭院养殖,不是要退回到自给自足的老路,而是为了更好地利用各种农村闲置资源。为此,可以从改善社会资本、提升生活幸福感、改善厕所废弃物处理方式等方面着手,提高农户从事庭院养殖的积极性和便利性。

参考文献:

姜永斌,付庭英.1999.庭院经济开发研究[J].农村经营管理(7).

李志熙,杜社妮,彭珂珊,等.2004.浅析农村庭院经济[J].水土保持研究(3):272274.

马宝收.2007.庭院经济与农民增收初探[J].生态经济(6):8589.

吴嵘.2000.贵州少数民族山区庭院经济发展问题思考[J].贵州民族研究(1):8994.

袁昊.2014.庭院养殖富裕一方农民.[J].吉林农业(24):3.

翟桃科,田雨来,程明华.1998.井陉农户庭院养殖在农村经济中的地位[J]. 今日畜牧兽医(2):99100.

郑本军,谢云.2005.庭院经济是贫困地区农村脱贫致富的重要途径——以湖南省张家界市农村为例[J].乡镇经济(1):1417.

邹新阳,王贵彬.2007.新农村建设背景下发展庭院经济的思考[J].安徽农业科学(13):40234025.

Which Peasant Households Are Still Remaining

Courtyard Breeding?

HAN Jijiang

(Economics School, North University for Nationalities, Ningxia Yinchuan 750021, China)

Abstract: In traditional rural society, a typical characteristic is courtyard breeding which possesses many advantages such as increasing household income and consumption, making full use of courtyard land, working time, household labor and other local agricultural resources. However, along with the specialization and modernization of agriculture, the development of traditional courtyard breeding has become weaken gradually. In this paper, the analysis of the survey data shows that those who keep traditional rural lifestyle and who have lower time value among the peasants maintain more interesting in retaining courtyard breeding, that the more westward, the higher the probability for courtyard breeding is, and that the better the infrastructure condition is, the lower the probability for courtyard breeding is. Meanwhile, some social and humanistic factors also affect the courtyard breeding behavior of the peasants, in some lessdeveloped areas where the courtyard breeding still has important value, the enthusiasm and convenience of the peasant households to engage in courtyard breeding can be raised by improving social capital, boosting infrastructure condition and so on.

Key words: courtyard breeding; courtyard economy; time cost; specialized breeding; traditional rural life style; rural idle resources; breeding convenience

CLC number:F325.15Document code:AArticle ID:16748131(2016)06003106

(編辑:杨睿;段文娟)

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